Construction

Vala supports two slightly different construction schemes: the Java/C#-style construction scheme which we will focus on for now, and the GObject-style construction scheme which will be described in a section at the end of the chapter.

Vala does not support constructor overloading for the same reasons that method overloading is not allowed, which means a class may not have multiple constructors with the same name. However, this is no problem because Vala supports named constructors. If you want to offer multiple constructors you may give them different name additions:

public class Button : Object {

    public Button() {
    }

    public Button.with_label(string label) {
    }

    public Button.from_stock(string stock_id) {
    }
}

Instantiation is analogous:

new Button();
new Button.with_label("Click me");
new Button.from_stock(Gtk.STOCK_OK);

You may chain constructors via this() or this.name_extension():

public class Point : Object {
    public double x;
    public double y;

    public Point(double x, double y) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    public Point.rectangular(double x, double y) {
        this(x, y);
    }

    public Point.polar(double radius, double angle) {
        this.rectangular(radius * Math.cos(angle), radius * Math.sin(angle));
    }
}

void main() {
    var p1 = new Point.rectangular(5.7, 1.2);
    var p2 = new Point.polar(5.7, 1.2);
}